What is the difference between wet and dry sprinkler systems?

The distinction between wet and dry sprinkler systems lies primarily in the presence of water within the piping. Wet systems maintain water in the pipes at all times, which allows for immediate activation when the sprinkler head is triggered by heat. This design is efficient for rapid response in environments where the risk of freezing is minimal.

On the other hand, dry systems contain pressurized air or nitrogen in the pipes, providing a means to prevent freezing in colder climates. When the heat activates a sprinkler head, the pressurized air is released, allowing water stored in a separate tank or source to flow into the pipes and extinguish the fire.

This fundamental difference in water presence means that wet and dry systems are utilized based on environmental conditions and specific building requirements. Wet systems tend to be more straightforward in terms of operation and quicker to respond, while dry systems are engineered to function effectively in conditions where freeze damage could occur. This understanding is crucial for fire safety and sprinkler installation.