What is the primary function of a fire pump in a sprinkler system?

The primary function of a fire pump in a sprinkler system is to increase water pressure. Fire pumps are essential components that ensure adequate water flow and pressure are maintained to effectively distribute water throughout the fire sprinkler system, especially in situations where the municipal water supply is insufficient.

In buildings with high-rise structures or those that are located in areas where the available water pressure is not enough to meet the system’s needs, fire pumps draw water from a reservoir, tank, or municipal supply and amplify the pressure. This pressurized water ensures that the fire sprinklers operate efficiently and effectively in extinguishing flames or wetting down combustible materials in the event of a fire.

Looking at the other options, filtering water is not a function of fire pumps; rather, that responsibility lies with water treatment systems. Cooling the system is not applicable during a fire; fire pumps focus on delivering water effectively where it’s needed. Reducing water consumption is generally not associated with the primary purpose of a fire pump, which is instead centered around ensuring there is enough flow and pressure to combat a fire effectively.